Assertive Sentence
Voice change (Active থেকে Passive) করতে প্রাথমিক ভাবে ৪ টি কাজ করতে হয়:
1. Active এর Object কে Passive এর Subject করতে হয়
2. পরিবর্তিত subject এর পর Auxiliary Verb বসানো
Note: Auxiliary Verb বসানোর কৌশলঃ
|
Active |
Passive |
|
PV present রুপে থাকলে |
am / is / are |
|
PV past রুপে থাকলে |
was / were |
|
PV টি ing যুক্ত থাকলে |
ঐ Tense এরই Auxi + being |
|
have / has / had |
have / has / had + been |
|
shall / will / should /may/ can/must/ be going to/have to etc (Modal Auxiliary) |
shall / will / should /may/ can/must/be going to/have to etc (Modal Auxi) + be |
3. PV এর past participle বসানো
4. Active এর Subject কে passive এ by + object (সাধারণত: by)করা
Examples:
|
Active |
Passive |
|
1. We learn English |
English is learnt by us. |
|
2. John saw the man |
The man was seen by John |
|
3. Hasan is taking tea |
Tea is being taken by Hasan. |
|
4. The student has done the sum. |
The sum has been done by the student. |
|
5. Della can cook rice |
Rice can be cooked by Della |
|
6. I am going to read the story |
The story is going to be read by me. |
Some important things:
|
Active |
Passive |
|
do not / does not (e.g. : He does not take tea) |
am not / is not /are not (e.g. :Tea is not taken by him) |
|
did not (e.g. : He did not take tea) |
was not /were not (e.g. : Tea was not taken by him.) |
|
Auxi + not (e.g. : I have not written the message) |
১ম Auxi + not + ---( ঊপরের নিয়ম অনুসারে Auxi)(e.g. : The message has not been written by me) |
|
Double objects (e.g.: Mother gave me a pen) |
যে কোনটিকে Subject (অপরটি verb এর পরে বসে যায়)- ব্যক্তি নেয়া ভাল (e.g. : I was given a pen by mother) or: A pen was given me by mother . |