The Preposition Rules-Part-01
6.1 The Preposition Rules-Part-01
The Preposition
A Preposition is a word placed before a noun or a pronoun to show its relation to some other word in the sentence. Pre= āĻāĻā§/ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦā§, position= āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ |
āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ Preposition āĻšāϞ āϏā§āĻ āϏāĻāϞ word āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻŦāϏ⧠āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠word āĻāĻŦāĻ Head word āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻāĻĨāĻžā§ āĻŦāϞāĻž āϝāĻžā§, āϝ⧠Word āĻŦāĻž Word āϏāĻŽāώā§āĻāĻŋ Noun āĻŦāĻž Pronoun āĻ āĻĨāĻŦāĻž Noun equivalent āĻāϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰāĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻā§ā§, āϤāĻžāĻ Preposition.
Difference in the uses of different types of preposition:
At
1. at + āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āϏāĻŽā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻ/āϤā§/ā§ -He will come at 5 a.m
2. at + āĻ āĻĒā§āĻā§āώāĻžāĻā§āϤ āĻā§āĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻ/āϤā§/ā§ -He lives at Uttara.
3. at+ āĻā§āύ āĻŦāĻŋāώā§ā§āϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻĻāĻā§āώ - He is good at Mathematics.
4. āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āϤāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦā§ at āĻŦāϏā§- Are you doing anything special at the weekend?
into
1. into + āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻŽāϧā§āϝā§- He came into the house.
2. into+ āϏāĻŽā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻĒāϰā§āϝāύā§āϤ - He carried on working in to the night.
3. into+ Noun/Pronoun āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύ āĻāϰāĻž -He cut the paper into scripts.
By
1. By + āϝāĻžāύāĻŦāĻžāĻšāύ, āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āϝā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āϝā§āĻŽāύ: He goes to college by bus/by rickshaw/by boat.
2. By + āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āϏāĻŽā§, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽā§ā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦā§āĻ āϝā§āĻŽāύ:- He will reach by 10 a.m/ tomorrow.
3. By + agent, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ "āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž" āϝā§āĻŽāύ: He was killed by a terrorist/by me/by them.
4. By +Noun/Pronoun, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻļā§ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: We stood by him. / Our hotel was by the sea.
5. By + Verb+ing, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻā§āĻž āϝā§āĻŽāύ: He will return leaving me alone.
6. By + God āĻāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻāϏāĻŽ āĻŦāĻž āĻļāĻĒāĻĨ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: By God, I will never do it.
7. By + ---- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻĒ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠āĻŦāϏ⧠-The room is 10 feet by 15 feet.
8. By + ---- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āύā§āϝāĻžā§ā§/ āĻŽāĻžāϧā§āϝāĻŽā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨā§ āĻŦāϏ⧠-You are guilty by our law./ What is the time by your watch?
9. By + -- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻāϤāĻž āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠āĻŦāϏ⧠-His health is improving day by day.
10. By + ---- āĻ āĻā§āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āϝāĻā§āĻā§ āϧāϰāĻž - I caught him by the ear.
For
1. For +Noun/Pronoun, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻāύā§āϝ⧠āϝā§āĻŽāύ: He bought a shirt for you.
What can I do for you?
2. For + āĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āϏāĻŽā§, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āϧāϰāĻŋā§āĻž āϝā§āĻŽāύ:- Julia has been ill for three days.
He has been reading for an hour.
3. For + āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ -The ship has started for Singapore.
4. For + āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻŽā§ -I have bought it for five taka.
How much have you paid for it?
5. For +Noun/Pronoun, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻāĻžāϰāύ⧠-We could not go out for rain.
He was disqualified for mental disorder.
6. For +Noun/Pronoun, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠-He acted for his father.
He must attend the meeting for him.
7. For +Noun/Pronoun, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§ āϏāϤā§āϤā§āĻŦā§āĻ -For all his riches, he is unhappy.
For all my good qualities I could not do better.