The Determiner- The Use of Important Determiners

1.2.b- The Determiner- The Use of Important Determiners

The Determiner

Use of Some Important Determiners

Rule-1: Both, all, such, half, many, quite āĻĒā§āϰāϭ⧃āϤāĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ Noun āϕ⧇ Modify āĻ•āϰāϞ⧇ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāύāϤāσ āĻāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ Noun āϟāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ article āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ (both / all + the āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ + a an) āϝ⧇āĻŽāύāσ

1.Incorrect: A half loaf is better than no loaf .

Correct: Half a loaf is better than no loaf.

2.Incorrect: I want such thing.

Correct: I want such a thing.

3.Incorrect: The all world is a stage.

Correct: All the world is a stage.

Rule-2: many a / an āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ singular noun āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ singular verb āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ  

1.Incorrect: Many a men were listening to him.

Correct: Many a man was listening to him.

2.Incorrect: Many an ants were rushing.

Correct: Many an ant was rushing.

Rule-3: āϤāĻŦ⧇ many / a great many / a good many āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ Plural noun āĻāĻŦāĻ‚  Plural verb āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ  

Incorrect: We saw that a great many bird was bathing there.

Correct: We saw that a great many birds were bathing there.

Rule-4: Few, a few, the few, very few āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ Plural countable noun āĻŦāϏ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Little, a little, the little, very little āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ uncountable noun āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ–ā§āϝ āϝ⧇, few āĻāĻŦāĻ‚  little āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§Ÿ Negative āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĻā§‡ā§Ÿ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž ’āύ⧇āχ āĻŦāĻž āύāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āχ āϚāϞ⧇’ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ

1.Incorrect:Few reference book may be checked out.

Correct: Few reference books may be checked out.

2.Incorrect: Give the cat a little fishes.

Correct: Give the cat a little fish.

Note: Little, a little / few, a few āĻāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻŽāύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇: āĻāĻ•āĻĻāĻž āĻĻ⧁āχāϜāύ āϞ⧋āĻ• āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝ⧇āϕ⧇āϰāχ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϧ āĻ•āĻžāĻĒ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϏ⧂āĻ– ( āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϧ⧇āĻ• āϏ⧁āĻ–) āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦāϞāϞāσ How sad! I have little happiness. āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϜāύ āĻŦāϞāϞāσ How wonderful! I have a little happiness. āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāϞ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻŦā§‹ Little, a little āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž few, a few āĻāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ­āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻĒāĻžāϰāĨ¤ Negative āĻŽāύ⧋āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ  little / few āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Positive āĻŽāύ⧋āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ a little / a few āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤

Rule-5:  few /  little āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ only āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāχ Only a few / only a little āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ

1.Incorrect: Only few students are lazy.

Correct: only a few students are lazy.

2.Incorrect: We will need only little food.

Correct: We will need only a little food.

3.Incorrect: Only few crop can be grown on arid land.

Correct: only a few crops can be grown on arid land. [crop- āĻļāĻ¸ā§āϝ, Crops- āĻ—āĻžāĻ›āĻ—āĻžāĻ›āĻžāϞāĻŋ, āĻļāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ ]

Rule-6: Any āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϟāĻŋ negative āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Interrogative āωāϭ⧟ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ Some āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϟāĻŋ Affirmative āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ  1. Incorrect: She did not give me some books.

Correct: She did not give me any books.

2.Incorrect: He has any new books.

Correct: He has some new books.

[āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āϜāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ affirmative āφāĻļāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿ, āϤāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ some āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ Will you bring me some water?]

Rule-7: Another (an + other) āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ singular noun, other āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ plural noun āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇  any other āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ Singular / plural noun āωāϭ⧟āχ āĻŦāϏāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ

1. Incorrect: Give me another mangoes.

Correct: Give me another mango.

2. Incorrect: He went to Khulna, Dhaka and other place.

Correct: He went to Khulna, Dhaka and other places.

Rule-8: Enough āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϝāĻĻāĻŋ Noun āϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ Adjective / Adverb āϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ–ā§āϝ āϝ⧇, āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ Grammarian āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻŽāϤ āĻĻ⧇āύ āϝ⧇, enough āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϟāĻŋ Noun āĻāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āωāϭ⧟ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāϏ⧇- āϤāĻž āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āύ⧟āĨ¤ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ 1. It is not cold enough to wear a heavy jacket.

2. She speaks Spanish well enough to be an interpreter.

3. Do you have enough sugar for the cake?

Another important point about using determiner

Determiner āĻāϰ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āϰāĻĒā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ uncountable Noun āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ—āύāύāĻžāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āĻˇā§āϝāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻšā§‡āύāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤

The following kinds of nouns are uncountable:-

1. Food: bread, meat, butter etc

2. Material: wood, iron, glass etc

3. Substance with small parts: rice, sand, sugar etc

4. Things of different size: clothing, furniture, luggage etc

5. Abstract concept: beauty, peace, ignorance etc.

6. Unit object: food, money, soap, paper etc

7. Disease: measles, mumps (āĻĒāύāĻļāĻŋāĻ•āĻž), cholera etc

8. Subject area: economics, physics, mathematics etc

9. Fluids: water, milk, oil etc

10. Gases: air, smoke, oxygen etc

11.  Games: football, cricket, tennis etc

12. Other intangibles (āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āĻĻ⧃āĻļā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāώ⧟): Advice, information, knowledge etc

13. Verbal nouns: camping, cooking, jumping etc

āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ:

āωāĻĒāϰ⧇āϰ Noun āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ–āύ⧋ a / an āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇ Noun āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ bit of / piece of / slice of āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻŦāϏ⧇, āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ a / an āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύāσ

a bit / piece of news

a grain (āĻ•āύāĻž) of sand

a cake / bar of soap

a clap (āĻĒā§āϰāϚāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ)of thunder

a drop of oil

a piece of advice

a gust (āĻĻāĻŽāĻ•āĻž) of wind

a bolt (āĻŦāĻœā§āϰ) of lightning

a sheet of paper

a pane (āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏāĻŋ) of glass

a loaf / slice of bread

an ear (āĻļāĻŋāϏ) of corn

Example in sentence: Incorrect: Do you have an information about it?

                                    Correct: Do you have information about it?  

Or, Do you have any information about it?

āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ• Noun āφāϛ⧇, āϝāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ countable āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϟāĻŋ uncountable āϝ⧇āĻŽāύāσ

Countable Noun

Uncountable

Countable Noun

Uncountable

a climate / climates

a laugh / laughs

a human being / human beings

a job / jobs

a sunbeam / sunbeams

weather

laughter

humanity

work

sunlight; sunshine

a machine / machines

a man / men

a person / persons

a snowflake / snowflakes

a traffic jam / traffic jams

machinery

mankind; man

people

snow

traffic