Subjunctives

16. Subjunctives

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Subjunctives-Introduction and Rules

Subjunctive āĻŦāϞāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ verb, Noun āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ expression āϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžā§Ÿ āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ verb āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž verb āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ Auxiliary / s , es / ing / past form āĻšā§Ÿ āύāĻžāĨ¤

āĻāϰāĻž āϕ⧋āύ Sentence āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϞ⧇ āϏ⧇  Sentence āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĻāĻžā§œāĻžā§Ÿ  that āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ  clause āĻāϰ   subject āĻ•āĻžāϜāϟāĻŋ ( that āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ clause āĻāϰ  verb āϟāĻŋ) āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āĻ•āĨ¤  Example : The  teacher   advises  that  Mina   learn  the lesson.

āĻāχ Sentence āϟāĻŋāϤ⧇   advises āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻžā§Ÿ āϤāĻžāϰ ( Sentence āϟāĻŋāϰ) āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĻāĻžā§œāĻžā§Ÿ   Mina  lesson āϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāϖ⧁āĻ•āĨ¤

āύāĻŋāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻāχ word āϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϕ⧇  subjunctive āĻŦāϞ⧇āσ

1. The list of verbs: ask / demand / desire / insist / prefer / propose / recommend / request / require / suggest / urge etc

2. The list of Nouns: demand / insistence / preference / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / suggestion etc

3. The list of expression: essential / imperative / important / necessary / urgent etc

Subjunctive āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāσ

Rule 1.  That  clause āϝāĻ–āύ  active voice: That  clause āĻāϰ verb-āϟāĻŋ  active voice āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁ base form āĻŦāĻž present form āĻŦāϏāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϕ⧋āύ auxiliary  verb āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž (  subjunctive world --------------------+ that + sub+ verb ( base form ) +  ext .) Example: The  doctor  suggested  that his  patient  stop  smoking /  We proposed  that Rony  take  a vacation / She ignored the suggestion that she get more exercise. /It is necessary that he find the books / It was urgent that she leave at once.

Rule 2.  That clause āϝāĻ–āύ passive voice: That clause āĻāϰ verb āϟāĻŋ   passive voice āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁  be+ verb(past participle form )  āĻŦāϏāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϕ⧋āύ Auxiliary  verb āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž (Subjunctive world --------------------+ that + sub+ verb (base participle form) + ext. )Example:  The   doctor suggested  that   smoking  be  given up

Rule 3.  That clause āϝāĻ–āύ negative: That clause āĻāϰ   verb āϟāĻŋ negative āĻšāϞ⧇ not + verb (base form) āĻŦāϏāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϕ⧋āύ auxiliary   verb āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§ŽSubjunctive world --------------------+ that + sub+ not+ verb (base form) + ext.)Example: The   doctor suggested that he not smoke / I propose that the teachers not attend the students' gathering.