The Victorian Period (1832-1901)
Main Literary Features of the Age
Major Authors of Victorian Period
1. Charles Dickens
Birth: 07 February 1812, Landport, Hampshire, England
Death: 09 June 1870, Higham, Kent, England
Important information:
Great on Victorian novelist
Full Name: Charles John Huffam Dickens
English writer
Famous Novels
The Pickwick Papers
David Copperfield
Hard times
A tale of two cities- Two cities are Paris and London
Great Expectation
Burraby Rudge
Oliver twist
Black Houe
Little Dorrit
The Old Curiosity Shop
The battle of life
Short story Collection
The Mudfag Papers
A House to let
The Uncommercial Travellers
The Wrack of the golden Mary
No thoroughfare
Mugby Junction
Famous Poetries
The fine Old English Gentleman
American Notes
Famous plays
The Frozen Deep
The village coquettes
2. Robert Browning
Birth: 07 May 1812, Cemberwell, London
Death: 12 December 1889, Venice, Italy
Important information:
-English Poet and Playwright
-Well known for master in dramatic verse and dramatic monologues.
-In his epic poem “The ring and the book” he justifies the ways of god to humanity.
-First published work is “Pauline, a fragment of a confession”
Famous Works:
Asolardo
Strafford
Paracelsus
Sordello
The year of the spring
The Patriot
The Pied piper of Hamelin
Count Gisrmond
The last ride together
The lost Leader
Meeting at night
Rabbi Ben Ezra
Man and Woman
Andre Del satro
Fra Lippo Lippi
Jecoseria
3. Alfred Lord Tennyson
Birth: 6 August 1809, Somersby, Lincolnshire, England
Death: 6 October 1892, Largashall, Sussex, England
Important information:
-Poet laureate
-He is the ninth most frequently quoted writer in the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations.
-He is best known for his melodious language
-His first work is “Two Brothers”
Famous works:
Nothing Will Die
All Things Will Die
The Kraken
Mariana
The Dying Swan
Poems
Lady Clara vere De vere
The Princess: a medley (Three thousand lines of blank verse )
Falcon (Comedy)
Maud (A monodrama)
English Idyll
The Charge of he light Brigade
In memoriam (written on the death of his bosom friend Hallam 131 lyrics found in this Book)
Famous Poems:
The land of shallot
The lotos – Eaters
Tithonus
Locksley Hall
The two voices
Ulysses
Vision of sin
… Above poems are included in the book “Poems”
The Princess
Godiva
Tears, Idle Tears
The Eagle
The Sister’s Shame
… Above poem are included in the book “The Princess” : a Medley
Maud
Idylls of the King
Kapiolani
Note-Cautions:
Ulysses (Poem) -- Alfred Tennyson
Ulysses (Novel) – James Joyce
4. George Bernard Shaw
Birth: 26 July 1856, Dublin Ireland.
Death: 2 November 1950, Hertfordshire, England
Important information:
-Playwright, Critic, Political activist, Novelist, Essayist, Short Story writer and dramatist.
-An Irish writer
-Literary movement Ibsenism, naturalism.
-Gof Academy Award for writing “Pygmalion”
-Mostly known as modern English Dramatist
-He is the only person who has been awarded both Nobel Prize in literature (1928) and academy Award (1938)
-He was a member of “Fabian Society”
-Famous for his Drama of Ideas
Famous Novels:
Immaturity
The irrational Knot
Love among the Artists
An Unsocial Socialist
Famous Plays:
Man and Superman
Saint John
Pygmalion
The Apple Cart
Major Barbara
Cardida
Methuselah
The Philanclerer
Widowers Houses
The man of Destiny
The Glimpse of Reality
Overruled
Buoyant Billions
Arms and the Man
The Devil’s Dispel
Heart – Break House
Ceaser and Cleopatra
Doctor’s Dilemma
You Never Can Tell
Obscure fragment
Candida
Getting Married
Fanny’s First Play
Too True to be good
Shakes verces Shav
G. B. Shaw continues his writing in Modern Period
5. O' Henry (William Sidney Porter)
Birth: September 11, 1862, Greensboro North Carolina USA
Death: June 5, 1910 New York City
Important information:
-Greatest Modern American short story writer.
-He changes His middle name Sidney to Syney in 1898. He was called American Guy de Maupassant
Famous Short Stories:
The Gift of the Magi (Character Jim, Della)
The Ranson of Red Chief
The Cap and the Anthem
A Retrieved Reformation
The Duplicity of Hargranes
An afternoon Miracle
The Cactus
Girl
Blind man’s Holiday
The Higher Pragmatism
Round the Circle
The Ransom of the Mack
A Sacrifice Hit
Famous poetry:
Nothing to say
Hard to Forget
The murderer
Vanity
Note-Cautions:
Vanity Fair – Thackeray
Vanity – O’ Henry
Other Authors and their Works of Victorian Period
|
Authors |
Works and important Notes |
|
Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800 - 1859) |
History of England (1843 - 1861) |
|
Cardinal Newman (1801 - 1890) |
The Idea of a University Loss and Gain |
|
John Stuart Mill (1806 - 1873) |
On Liberty (1859) Utilitarianism (1869) The subjection of Woman (1864) |
|
Charles Robert Darwin (1809 - 1882) Edward Fitzgerald (1809 - 1883) |
The Origin of Species (1859) The Descent of Man (1871) The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (1859), translated into English from Persian |
|
Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell (1810 - 1865), Popularly known as Mrs. Gaskell |
Mary Barton (1848) Cranford (1853) Ruth (1853) North and South (1855) Sylvia’s Lovers (1863) |
|
William Makepeace Thackeray (1811 - 1863) |
Vanity Fair (1848) The Virginians (1859) Villette (1853) The Professor (1857) |
|
Emily Bronte (1818 - 1848) |
Wuthering Heights (1847) |
|
Karl Marx (1818 - 1883) |
Das Kapital (1867) |
|
George Eliot (1819 - 1880) (Real name Mary Ann Evans) |
The mill on the Floss (1860) Scenes of Clerical life (1858) Adam Bede (1859) Silas Marner (1861) Romola (1863) Middlemarch (1871 - 72) |
|
Herman Melville (1819 - 1891) |
Moby – Dick (1851) Bartleby, the Scrivener (1853) |
|
Gustave Flaubert (1821 - 1880) |
Madame Bovary (1857) Sentimental Education (1869) The Temptation of Saint Anthony (1874) |
|
Matthew Arnold (1822 - 88), a poet and a critic, known for his strong moral voice |
“Essays in Criticism” (1888) Culture and Anarchy (1867) and some poems |
|
Mark Twain (1835 - 1910): (real name Samuel Langhorne Clemens) |
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885) |
|
Thomas Hardy (1840 - 1928) a novelist and poet |
The Return of the Native (1878) The Mayor of Caster bridge (1886) Tess of the D’ Urbervilles (1891) |
|
Henry James (1843 - 1916) |
Daisy Miller (1879) The wing of the dove The American (1877) The Portrait of a Lady (1881) The Ambassadors The Tragic Muse (1890) The Spoils of Poyton (1897) The Golden Bowl |
|
Frederick Nietzsche (1844 – 1900 ) |
The Birth of Tragedy (1872) Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1885) The antichrist (1895) |
|
Oscar Wilde (1856 - 190), a poet, novelist and dramatist |
Lady Windermere’s Fan (1892) A woman of No Importance (1893) An Ideal Husband (1895) The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) |
|
George Robert Gissing (1857 – 1903) |
The Nether World (1889) Born in Exile (1892) Denzil Quarrier (1892) The Odd Women (1893) The Paying Guest (1895) The Whirlpool (1897) Charles Dickens : a Critical Study (1898) |
|
Kenneth Grahame (1859 – 1932) |
Pagan Papers (1893) The Golden Age (1895) Dream Days (1898) The Reluctant Dragon (1898) The Headwoman (1898) |
|
Rudyard Kipling (1865 - 1936) In Indian |
The Jungle Book (1894) Departmental Ditties (1886) Plain Tales from the Hills (1888) Soldiers Three (1890) Kim Just so stories Ruck of Pook’s Hill Rewards and Fairies |
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