The Adverb Classification

5.1 The Adverb Classification

The Adverb

āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŦ Word Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Phrase āĻŦāĻž full sentence āϕ⧇ modify  āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ Adverb  āĻŦāϞ⧇āĨ¤  āĻŦāĻž,

āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŦ Word - Verb, Where -āϕ⧋āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿ, When-āĻ•āĻ–āύ, Why, How-āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻž āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻĻā§‡ā§Ÿ, āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ Adverb  āĻŦāϞ⧇ |

Example:   a.The man walks slowly. / b.He is always late. / c.The boy runs very fast.                                           

Classification:

Adverb āϕ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžā§Ÿā§€ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύāϤāσ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻ­āĻžāϗ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§Ÿ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ--

A.      Simple Adverb. B. Relative Adverb. C.  Interrogative Adverb.

(A) Simple Adverb: āϝ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ Word āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ,āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ, āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻĒāĻžā§Ÿ āϤāĻžāϕ⧇  Simple Adverb For example:     a. He comes very slowly.                   b. He is seen everywhere.

 

(B) Interrogative Adverb: Where ,When, Why, How āĻāχ   Adverb āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ Interrogative Adverb  āĻŦāϞ⧇āĨ¤ Example:

  a.      Where is Rashed?      d. When did he go?

      b.  How high is the building? e. Why are you late?  c. How many boys are there?

(C) Relative Adverb: Where ,When, Why, How GB  Adverb āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻ–āύ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāϏ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ Relative Adverb āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĨ¤

Example:      a. I know the reason why he did it.      

                   b. This is the place where he lives.

              c. Do you know the time when he will go?

Simple Adverb āϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻ•ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ•āĻ­āĻžāϗ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§Ÿ āϝāĻĨāĻžāσ---

(i)     Adverb of manner: Verb āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϜāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϧāϰāĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

Example:   a. Please talk politely

                        b. We read the news attentively.

                        c. Suddenly, he fell.              

āĻ āϜāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ Adverb āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤāσ ly āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύāσ slowly, badly, quickly, cordially, hardly, loudly, suddenly, wisely āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ āϜāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ Adverb āĻāϰ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĨ¤

(ii) Adverb of place: Verb āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϜāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ Example:   a. Come here.                     b.Let us go out.                         c. Walk backward.

                  d. He goes up and down     e. I see him everywhere.           f.. Go there.

Here, there, up, below, outside, in, near, far, inside āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ āϜāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ Adverb āĻāϰ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĨ¤

(iii) Adverb of Time: Verb āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϜāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

Example: a. He comes daily.     b. Do it now.                  c. He came yesterday.

          d. Do it again.     e. I heard him before.     f.  Sometimes, he writes to me.

  Now, yesterday, ago, last night, last year, last month ,currently, presently, today, tomorrow, afterword, soon, already, always āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ āϜāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ Adverb āĻāϰ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĨ¤

(iv) Adverb of Quantity or degree: Adjective  āĻŦāĻž Adverb āĻāϰ  āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

Example:

      a. I am quite happy.            b. He is too weak to walk.       c. The mango was almost ripe.

          d. She is somewhat crazy.  e. She is very nice.                   f. He writes extremely well.

(v) Adverb of order: Verb āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϜāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžā§Ÿ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

Example: a. He came here once.    b. This market sits twice a week.     c. He came first.

                        d. She stood second.       e. He went last of all.

Again, frequently, never, sometimes, ever, secondly, once, twice, thrice āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ āϜāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ Adverb āĻāϰ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĨ¤

(vi) Adverb of cause and effect: āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŦ Adverb āϕ⧋āύ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ“ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

Example: a.He failed because he did not work hard.   b. We therefore left the place at once.

Accordingly, consequently, so, because, hence, therefore āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ āϜāĻžāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ Adverb āĻāϰ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĨ¤

(vii) Adverb of Affirmation and Negation: āϝ⧇ Adverb āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻšā§āϝāĻžāρ āĻŦāĻž āύāĻž āĻŦ⧁āĻāĻžā§Ÿ āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ Adverb of Affirmation and Negation āĻŦāϞ⧇āĨ¤ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ:      a. Yes, he will come very soon.        b.  No, he will not come tomorrow.